The oxygen content on the surface of objects and the wettability of the surface are closely related to the generation and growth of microorganisms. Therefore, in experimental medicine, it is crucial to effectively pre-treat the non-polar plastic surfaces. Plasma technology provides a range of methods that can create a favorable surface condition for laboratory research.

In some cases during use, the needle holder and needle tube may separate due to poor bonding when the needle is removed. To prevent such medical incidents, surface treatment of the needle holder is necessary. The holes in the needle holder are very small, making it difficult to achieve effective results with conventional methods. Plasma treatment, however, is ideal for this purpose. The treated surface becomes activated, showing a significant improvement in wettability, and it also strengthens the adhesion between the needle holder and the needle tube, ensuring they do not detach.

Microplates are usually made of polystyrene (PS), which has a low surface energy and poor hydrophilicity. After plasma treatment, active functional groups such as aldehyde, amino, and epoxy groups can be introduced to the surface, increasing the wettability and surface energy of the substrate. This improvement allows enzymes to be firmly fixed to the carrier, enhancing enzyme stability and attachment.

Catheters are typically made from natural rubber, silicone rubber, or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which have poor biocompatibility. Plasma modification is necessary to improve the wettability of the substrate. After treatment, PVC surfaces are coated with triclosan and bromochlorohydroxyquinoline. The modified PVC material kills bacteria and prevents bacterial adhesion, thereby reducing patient infections during use and improving the material's biocompatibility.

The intraocular lens is a type of new flexible material primarily composed of polyacrylate, which has good refractive and flexibility properties. Its surface has strong adhesion and can create a firm bond with the posterior capsule, effectively inhibiting the migration and proliferation of lens epithelial cells and reducing the incidence of posterior capsule opacification. However, due to the strong hydrophobicity of polyacrylate, it is prone to absorbing cells and bacteria, leading to severe postoperative inflammation. Using low-temperature plasma surface treatment technology can modify the surface, increase its surface energy, and improve its wettability.

Biomaterials used in the human body must possess biocompatibility, especially materials that come into contact with blood, such as vascular stents, which must have blood compatibility. As a result, drug coatings are often applied to the stent surface. Low-temperature plasma surface treatment technology can enhance the wettability of the stent surface and improve the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate. This treatment also improves the uniformity and adhesion strength of the surface coating.